[88][106] In one instance, the Tigray regional government was reported to have defied the federal government and refused to allow Ethiopian Federal Police to arrest Getachew Assefa, the former chief of the National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS) of Ethiopia and executive member of the TPLF. He is the one who got the Ethiopia-Eriteria peace deal concluded, which even the US had to acknowledge and Ahmed was also bestowed with the Nobel Peace Prize for the historic deal. [329][330][331][332] The Danish Refugee Council and the International Rescue Committee reported killings of their staff in early December 2020. Abiy kicked off a military campaign in the Tigray region, known as Operation Law enforcement, andpromised to swiftly defeat the TPLF fighters. In the future, these dynamics would decide which way Eritrea and Ethiopia, both working together right now, will tilt. Nearly six million people in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region are held hostage, as bargaining chips by warlords in control of the region. Most of these cargo flights landed at the Harar Meda airbase in Ethiopia. [175] On 28 June 2021, the Tigray Defense Forces retook the city of Mekelle. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implement the Pretoria agreement", signed on November Bidens humanitarian intervention in Ethiopia is thus a non-starter as Ethiopia pushes back against TPLF insurgents and also sustains its ambitious growth story. French and German foreign ministers in Ethiopia to support peace. Abiy, a non-Tigrayan politician with little ties to the TPLF, enjoyed widespread popularity. . [261] By 22 October, ENDF and EDF-allied forces had also captured Adwa and Axum, even as peace talks with the TPLF were about to commence in South Africa. [186], From 17 to 19 July, the TDF began launching attacks in the Afar Region to its east, prompting the Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambela, Harari and Somali regions to join the war. To put it simply, the Biden administration is desperate. [3] Meanwhile, the city of Weldiya was captured by the TDF on 12 August 2021. Now the front line is getting closer and closer toAddis Ababa, with the prime minister calling on residents to be ready to defend the capital. [120] Ethiopian elite units were transported to Gherghera base near Asmara, as part of an alleged pact between Prime Minister Abiy and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki to "strike out of existence the TPLF," according to former Eritrean Minister of Defence Mesfin Hagos. [371] Pro-government groups used tactics similar to those of pro-Tigray groups to push their narrative of the conflict, though as of 5 February, pro-government campaigns had produced fewer Tweets overall. This brief history explains a lot", "Ethiopia's Prime Minister Resigns Amid Political Turmoil", "Ethiopian prime minister resigns after mass protests", "Ethiopia's ruling coalition elects new chairman", "Ethiopia swears in first PM from ethnic Oromo community", "After 20-year military standoff, Ethiopia and Eritrea agree to normalize ties in historic breakthrough", "The giddy excitement that marked Ethiopia and Eritrea's historic summit", "Surprise summit in militaristic Eritrea could bring peace to Horn of Africa", "On Ethiopia-Eritrea frontline, anger at Addis' olive branch", "News: TPLF says Ethiopia's recent Eritrea, economy related decisions have "fundamental flaws"; calls for emergency meeting of the ruling EPRDF executive, council committee", "Analysis | Ethiopia's prime minister wants to change the ruling coalition. [262][263][264] Witnesses from a number of towns told the Associated Press that Eritrean forces were regularly killing civilians between 23 and 29 October. While the US projects TPLF as some sort of a victim, the insurgent group actually enjoyed political power for over two and a half decades as a part of a TPLF-dominated coalition government from 1991. [166], Ultimately, the early gains made by the ENDF and EDF against Tigrayan forces did not lead to a decisive defeat of the re-organized and invigorated TDF. Russia has even signed a military cooperation agreement with Ethiopia. [346], By the summer of 2022, the government blockade of essential services to Tigray was still in place, and the humanitarian situation remained severe, with roughly 13 million people being in need of food aid. Fighting broke out in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region in November 2020 after the central government accused Tigrayan fighters of attacking a federal army base and sending forces to the region . Ethiopia's military yesterday accused the World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's . By the end of November 2020, thousands of people were believed to have been killed in the conflict and around 44,000 fled to Sudan. [245], On 20 September, the government of Tigray said Eritrea had invaded the region, and that heavy fighting was taking place across northern Tigray. [345], In February 2021, GOAL Ethiopia, the International Rescue Committee (IRC), MCMDO, MSF-Spain, and World Vision, found that nearly one in seven children in 16 woredas and town administrations across Tigray were acutely malnourished. Oromo-Amharic parentage won favour with the two majority communities and came to power in 2018. This became apparent in the last two months after the Tigrayan rebels achieved major gains in the Tigray region by seizing key areas after the army withdrew. The Chinese-made, armed drones bombed Tigrayan artillery and weapons depots. [53] The ENDF counterattacked from the south while Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) began launching attacks from the north which Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed described as "law enforcement operations. Two thousand displaced people returned to the Fant Rasu zone in Afar Region after the ENDF and Afar Special Forces regained control and OCHA partner organisations' access to improved. To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. [170], Fighting intensified in early April;[154] by this point, the TDF was in control of the rural areas of central and southern Tigray along with parts of eastern and south-eastern Tigray, while the ENDF was in control of the main roads and urban areas. Ethnically based massacres are also increasing. Backed by the UAE and even the African Union, Ethiopia has managed to decimate the US-backed Tigray fighters with relentless aerial bombardment. [161] The same month, Somalia's information minister, Osman Abukar Dubbe, confirmed Somali soldiers were training in Eritrea, but denied any of these troops had been sent to Tigray. Ethiopia had previously rejected the efforts of Sudanese Prime Minister Abdullah Hamdok to mediate in the Tigray conflict. The frequent Emirati cargo flights to Ethiopia make it clear that the United Arab Emirates is not abandoning Ethiopia. [259][260] Ethiopian forces then took Alamata and Korem in the south. Oromo comprises 35% of the total population. [161][153] The head of Somalia's parliamentary committee on foreign affairs asked the Somali president to investigate claims by family members that their sons had gone off to fight in Ethiopia and are now missing. Debretsion also requested the establishment of a no-fly zone over Tigray, as well as a weapons embargo against Ethiopia and Eritrea. [252], On 10 October, the TPLF claimed that Eritrea was escalating its offensive, sending more forces towards Rama, Tserona, and Zalambessa in the far north, with one aid worker saying it is the heaviest fighting since hostilities resumed. [58][153], After Ethiopian federal forces and their allies captured Mekelle and other major cities, forces loyal to the Tigray government began to regroup into mountainous areas of the region and reorganized under the banner of the Tigray Defense Forces (TDF). But Tigrayans managed to turn the tide. The Tigray . . The French and German foreign ministers arrived in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, on Thursday on a mission to support the peace agreement signed last year to end two years of war in the . Strong winds and rains are currently causing uncomfortable weather on the popular vacation island. [345], There has been limited access to clean water due to hygiene and sanitation services largely being disrupted across Tigray. Ethiopia is strategically located in the Horn of Africa, which is a gateway to major world shipping flows via the Red Sea and the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean. [179], On 29 June, Tigrayan forces vowed to continue their offensive and drive into Eritrea or the Amhara Region if necessary, and said that Mekelle was 100% under the control of Tigrayan forces. At the end of the day, Ethiopia is avoiding becoming a client State of any nation and is maintaining its strategic autonomy. Who's getting left out? [224][225] Following these developments, the ENDF stated that it would not advance any deeper into the Tigray region. Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant . Only 16% of the health facilities had vaccination services and only 17% had maternal services (antenatal care, birth delivery, etc.). A month later, the federal government began withholding funds from the regional administration. Ethiopia claimed the clashes were Ethiopia trying to stop a Sudanese militia which had tried to cross into Ethiopian territory and seize farmlands. Tigrayan guerrilla warfare (November 2020 June 2021), Tigrayan counter-offensive (June November 2021), TDF-OLA joint offensive (October December 2021), Government-allied counter-offensive (November 2021 March 2022), Resurgence of fighting (August November 2022), Second ceasefire (November 2022 present). [306] They issued another emergency alert on 20 November 2021, stating that "both sides are committing genocide," referring to detentions of thousands of people based on Oromo or Tigrayan ethnic identity, and arguing that "Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's hate speech and calls for war" together with attacks by the ENDF and TPLF put Ethiopia into stages 4 (dehumanization), 6 (polarization), 8 (persecution), and 9 (extermination) of the ten stages of genocide. The Amhara government also denied the reports of forced displacement and asked the Ethiopian government to modify the border between the Amhara and Tigray regions. "[155], The new offensive effectively ended the unilateral ceasefire declared by the federal government in June[203] and further deepened fears of the developing famine in Tigray, with a federal government blockade still preventing most aid from arriving. The Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), a leftist party in control of the regional government, deemed this an "unconstitutional extension" of Ahmed's term and held elections anyway. , , Fri Nov 20, 2020 12:00 AM Last update on: Fri Nov 20, 2020 01:51 AM, EU interested to send polls observers for next election: Charles Whiteley, Ukraine's interior minister among 18 dead in helicopter crash, Ressas acquittal raps a win for free, defiant journalism, Outgoing Juventus Chairman Andrea Agnelli to quit board roles at Stellantis, Exor, Philippine Nobel laureate Maria Ressa acquitted of tax evasion, AL's lies became clear through US embassy's statement: Fakhrul, Over 3,500 Rohingyas attempted deadly sea crossings in 2022: UNHCR, Need dedicated hospital for children in every division: PM, Road blocked, vehicles vandalised over custodial death in Gazipur, Moderate to mild cold wave likely to continue, If there're errors in textbooks, they'll be corrected: Dipu Moni, , , . [350][351], In late October 2022, it was revealed that the Tigray Region was running out of medical supplies, with the CEO of their largest hospital saying it was "doomed to collapse soon. [65] Rapid mobilization of troops soon followed, with Ethiopia, Eritrea and Tigray reportedly organizing hundreds of thousands of troops against each other by October the same year. [67][68][69][70] Mass extrajudicial killings of civilians have taken place throughout, including in Axum,[71] Bora,[72] Chenna,[73][74] Kobo,[75][76] the Hitsats refugee camp,[77] Humera,[78] Mai Kadra,[69][79] the Debre Abay monastery,[72][80] and Zalambessa. However, the US narrative doesnt really fit the Ethiopian National sentiment. rebels. In early 2018, after severalyears of frequent anti-government protests from different ethnic groups had seriously damaged the legitimacy of the EPRDF government, Hailemariam stepped down. [291][292][293][294] As of late 2022, the combined impact of wartime violence, famine and a lack of medical access had killed an estimated 385,000-600,000 people,[44] with other reported estimates reaching numbers as high as 700,000-800,000 killed. [85][86][87], Following the end of the Ethiopian Civil War in 1991, Ethiopia became a dominant-party state under the rule of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), a coalition of four ethnically based parties dominated by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). [312], Ethnic Tigrayan members of Ethiopian components of United Nations peacekeeping missions were disarmed and some forcibly flown back to Ethiopia, at the risk of torture or execution, according to United Nations officials. [185] He called on other regions of Ethiopia to mobilise their special forces. [360], UNICEF stated that by the end of September 2022, around 574,000 more people in Afar, Amhara and Tigray were left displaced after fighting resumed in August 2022; they also reported that over 870,000 had become refugees. It needs new weapon systems to defeat the rapidly advancing TPLF-backed insurgents. The chief executive of the interim. Therefore, Arab nations and Iran want to shore up their influence in Ethiopia in order to gain an advantage in the conflict-ridden nation. "[380], On 20 May 2022, Ethiopian law enforcement began arresting journalists en masse, with 4,500 people in the Amhara Region alone being taken into custody. To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser supports! ] [ 260 ] Ethiopian forces then took Alamata and Korem in the future, these dynamics would decide way... Systems to defeat the rapidly advancing TPLF-backed insurgents the Harar Meda airbase in Ethiopia order... 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